Statutory Subject • BSA

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA)

Practice All 1089 Questions →

Section-by-section BSA MCQs updated for 2025-2026 judicial service exams with comparisons to the Indian Evidence Act, 1872.

1089 Total MCQs12 Chapters

Statutory Chapters & Parts

Select a chapter below to practice specific legal sections and landmark precedents

Introduction & General Principles

Lex Fori, Foundational Principles, Preamble & Applicability of the Law of Evidence

9 MCQs
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Chapter I: Preliminary (Sections 1–2)

Short Title, Extent, Commencement, Definitions of Court, Document, Evidence, Fact, Proof, etc.

89 MCQs
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Chapter II: Relevancy of Facts (Sections 3–50)

Relevancy of Facts, Res Gestae, Motive, Conduct, Conspiracy, Alibi, Admissions, Confessions, Dying Declarations, Expert Opinion, and Character Evidence

407 MCQs
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Chapter III: Facts Which Need Not Be Proved (Sections 51–53)

Judicial Notice, Judicially Noticeable Facts, and Formal Judicial Admissions

21 MCQs
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Chapter IV: Of Oral Evidence (Sections 54–55)

Proof of Facts by Oral Evidence, Rule of Direct Oral Evidence, and Hearsay Evidence Bar

22 MCQs
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Chapter V: Of Documentary Evidence (Sections 56–93)

Primary & Secondary Evidence, Electronic & Digital Records (Sec 61–63), Public & Private Documents, and Statutory Presumptions

128 MCQs
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Chapter VI: Of the Exclusion of Oral Evidence by Documentary Evidence (Sections 94–103)

Best Evidence Rule, Exclusion of Parol Evidence, Provisos to Section 95, Patent & Latent Ambiguities

33 MCQs
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Chapter VII: Of the Burden of Proof (Sections 104–120)

Legal Burden vs Onus of Proof, Special Knowledge (Sec 109), Exceptions (Sec 108), Presumptions of Life/Death, Possession, Legitimacy (Sec 116), and Dowry Death

116 MCQs
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Chapter VIII: Estoppel (Sections 121–123)

Promissory & Equitable Estoppel, Tenant & Licensee Estoppel, Bill of Exchange Estoppel

33 MCQs
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Chapter IX: Of Witnesses (Sections 124–139)

Competency of Witnesses, Dumb Witness (Sec 125), Privileged Communications, Accomplice Evidence (Sec 138), Number of Witnesses

106 MCQs
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Chapter X: Of Examination of Witnesses (Sections 140–169)

Order of Examination, Examination-in-Chief, Cross-Examination, Re-Examination, Leading Questions, Hostile Witness, Refreshing Memory, Production of Documents

121 MCQs
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Chapter XI: Of Improper Admission and Rejection of Evidence (Section 170)

No New Trial for Improper Admission or Rejection of Evidence if Independent Evidence Sufficient

4 MCQs
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🔍 Frequently Searched Queries

People Also Ask — BSA

High-frequency search questions on Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA) MCQs, preparation strategy, and scoring guidance for competitive law examinations.

What is the BSA MCQ question and answer?
BSA (Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023) MCQ questions test the rules of evidence in Indian courts—including the expanded definition of document/evidence, electronic records admissibility (Sections 61 & 63), primary vs secondary evidence, burden of proof, expert opinion, confessions, and dying declarations.
What is the BSA also known as and when did it take effect?
BSA is officially known as the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (Act No. 47 of 2023), which came into legal effect on July 1, 2024, repealing and modernizing the 152-year-old Indian Evidence Act, 1872.
How does BSA 2023 govern electronic and digital evidence in MCQs?
Under Sections 61, 62, and 63 of BSA (corresponding to old Sections 65A/65B), electronic records (stored on semiconductor memory, smartphones, laptops, emails, server logs) are treated as legal documents with primary and secondary admissibility rules when accompanied by the statutory electronic certificate under Section 63(4).
What are the rules regarding confessions, admissions, and dying declarations under BSA?
Key evidentiary rules tested include: confessions made to a police officer cannot be proved against an accused (Section 23 BSA), discovery of fact under police custody (Section 23(2) BSA), statements by persons who cannot be called as witnesses / dying declarations (Section 26 BSA), and relevancy of facts forming part of same transaction / Res Gestae (Section 4 BSA).
How to study Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA) easily?
Study BSA easily by dividing its 170 sections into 3 logical parts: Part I: Relevancy of Facts (Sections 3–50), Part II: On Proof & Electronic Evidence (Sections 51–103), and Part III: Production and Effect of Evidence / Burden of Proof & Estoppel (Sections 104–170).
How to score 100% in BSA MCQ for judiciary exams?
Maximize BSA MCQ accuracy by mastering Bare Act illustrations under burden of proof (Sections 104–114), understanding presumptions as to documents and electronic records, and solving section-by-section BSA quizzes on LegalMCQ.