The ambit of the expression 'law' as defined in Article 13(3)(a) of the Constitution of India ensures that the paramountcy of the Constitution extends to:

temporary laws such as ordinances, notification as well as permanent laws such as Acts

statutory instruments in the nature of subordinate legislation such as bye-law, rule, etc

non-legislative sources of law, e.g., custom or usage having in the territory of India the force of law

Given below are Assertion (A) and Reason (R): Assertion (A): The principal of equality before law means that there should be equality of treatment under equal circumstances. Reason (R): All persons are not equal by nature, attainment or circumstances. Choose the correct code:

Both (A) and (R) are individually true and (R) is a correct explanation of (A)

Both (A) and (R) are individually true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

The right to 'equality before the law' contained in Article 14 of the Constitution of India is available to:

all persons whether natural or legal

A regulation made by Air India providing that the service of an air hostess can be terminated on her first pregnancy or giving her one month notice was held unconstitutional (*Air India v. Nargesh Meerza*) because:

there was a gross violation of Article 19(1)(g)

it is violative of Article 14 of the Constitution (arbitrary & insulting to female dignity)

it is an affront to dignity of women

Article 15(3) of the Constitution of India empowers the State to make special provisions for:

reservation in employment for freedom fighters

reservation in employment for physically handicapped persons

Which of the following statements is correct in respect of State power of reservation in educational institutions under Article 15?

Caste can be the sole criterion

Poverty can be the sole criterion

Both caste and poverty are relevant criteria

Residence in rural areas can be the exclusive criteria

In C.B. Muthamma v. Union of India (1979), the Supreme Court struck down a provision in Service Rules requiring a female employee to obtain government permission before her marriage is solemnized because:

Such provision is discriminatory against women and violates Article 16 and hence unconstitutional

Such provision is in accordance with Article 16

Such provision is not discriminatory

Which section of citizens should be excluded from the benefits of reservation according to the 'Creamy Layer' rule propounded in Indra Sawhney v. Union of India?

Advanced sections among the Other Backward Classes (OBCs)

📖 Constitution of India•🎯 120 Practice MCQs

Part XIV: Services & Public Service Commissions (Articles 308–323)

Chapter-wise objective questions with statutory bare act articles, landmark Supreme Court case laws, and past judicial service citations.

upscarticle-316presidentImportantarticle-13-1doctrine-of-eclipseUPSC CS 1998MP HJS 2011DU LLM 2011article-13-3definition-of-lawUPSC CS 2010

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Part XIV: Services & Public Service Commissions (Articles 308–323) • 120 Questions

📚 Chapter Practice Coverage

This practice module for Part XIV: Services & Public Service Commissions (Articles 308–323) contains 120 Multiple Choice Questions tailored for State Judicial Service Preliminary Examinations (including UP PCS-J, Delhi Judicial Service, Bihar Judiciary, MP Judiciary, Rajasthan Judicial Service), CLAT LL.M, All India Bar Examination (AIBE), and UGC-NET Law.

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